The Ukraine War Scorecard

Where do Russia and Ukraine stand after more than three years of war?

One summary is here. Some key points from this report card are as follows:

Change in Russia’s control of Ukrainian territory and changes in Ukraine’s control of Russian territory

(Based on data from the Institute for the Study of War.)

• Since Feb. 24, 2022:
  • Russia: +27,377 square miles. 12% of Ukraine. (Area roughly equivalent to half the size of New York state).
• Total area of all Ukrainian territory Russia presently controls, including Crimea and parts of Donbas Russia had seized prior to the full-scale invasion on Feb. 24, 2022:
  • Russia: +44,002 square miles. 19% of Ukraine. (Area roughly equivalent to the U.S. state of Ohio.)
• In past month (April 1–April 29, 2025): Russia gained 133 square miles. (Area equivalent to about 1 ½ Nantucket islands.)
• In past week: Russia gained 14 square miles (the equivalent of just over half of Manhattan island)—a major slow down as compared to the previous week’s 40 square miles gained. In Russia’s Kursk region, Ukraine gave up an additional 2 square miles of control and is down to only 3 square miles, nearly completing its total withdrawal from Russia, which Russian leaders claim has  already occurred. Moscow also continues to deny Kyiv’s claims that Ukrainian forces are in Russia’s neighboring Belgorod region.

Russian net territorial control in Ukraine by month: February 2022–March 2025. (Also based on data from the Institute for the Study of War.) 

Military casualties  

• Russia: More than 790,000 killed or injured, according to an April 2025 estimate by Cavoli. 48,000 missing.
• Ukraine: 400,000 killed or injured, according to a January 2025 estimate by Zelenskyy. 35,000 missing.

Civilian fatalities

• Russia:  652 killed.
• Ukraine: 12,910 killed.

Military vehicles and equipment

• Russia: 21,533 lost.
  • Tanks and armored vehicles: 12,639.  
  • Aircraft: 305.
  • Naval vessels: 22.
• Ukraine: 8,728 lost.
  • Tanks and armored vehicles: 4,452.
  • Aircraft: 183.
  • Naval vessels: 35.

Citizens displaced

• Russia:
  • 800,000 left Russia for economic or political reasons, 0.6% of Russian population.
  • 112,000 were displaced in Russia’s Kursk region during Ukraine’s incursion in August 2024–March 2025.
• Ukraine: 10.2 million displaced Ukrainians, 23% of Ukrainian pre-invasion population of 44 million.
  • Internally displaced: 3.7 million.
  • International refugees: 6.5 million.

Economic impact

• Russia’s economic growth: 5.6% GDP since 2022 (through 2024)
  • 1.6% GDP growth forecast for 2025.
  • Budget deficit in 2024: 1.7%  of GDP.
  • Russian ruble: 0.01219 U.S. dollars. +3% since the invasion.
  • 3-year bond yield: 16.3%.
• Ukraine’s economic growth (negative): -22.6% GDP since 2022 (through 2024)
  • 2.5% GDP growth forecast for 2025.
  • Budget deficit in 2024: 20.4% of GDP, excluding grants.
  • Ukrainian hryvnia: 0.02409 U.S. dollars. -27% since the invasion.
  • 3-year bond yield: 24.9%

Infrastructure

• Russia:  
  • A journalistic investigation estimated in March 2024 that Ukrainian strikes had rendered facilities which accounted for 1/6th of the production of gasoline and diesel fuels in Russia non-operational.
  • A journalistic investigation estimated in March 2025 that Ukrainian strikes on Russia’s energy sector have caused at least 60 billion rubles ($714 million) in damage.
• Ukraine:  
  • Ukraine's extensive transmission infrastructure has suffered severe damage in the war, with capacity falling from 56 GW to an estimated 9 GW by the end of 2024.
  • Some 64%, or 36 out of Ukraine’s 25 GW electricity generating capacity destroyed or occupied as of 2024.
  • Ukraine had lost 80% of its thermal capacity due to Russian attacks as of September 2024.
  • Ukraine relied for 2/3rds of its electricity generation on three functioning Soviet-era NPPs, which it still controls, as of 2024.